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Mangrove community in an abandoned crick kiln: A structural and association analysis
Sumit Manna,Anirban Roy,Tushar Kanti Ghara
EurAsian Journal of Biosciences , 2012,
Abstract: Background: The presence of brick kiln along the Hoogly river sites of lower Bengal is very usualand this phenomenon is not only restricted to India alone but also to other south Asian countries.The abandoned brick kiln are important habitat for the formation of mangrove community due totidal action, loose silty substratum and less anthropogenic interference. In this context, the aim ofthe present study is to visualize how the structural and association pattern regulate the communitydynamics of a mangrove ecosystem.Materials and Methods: The entire study area was divided into 37 units (Quadrats of 27.31 sq m).Structural parameters like density, relative density, abundance, relative abundance, frequency,relative basal area were measured based on vegetation map, prepared through satellite image andground truthing. Association indices (Ochiai, Dice and Jaccard) were measured based on 2X2contingency/species association table.Results: Out of 10 species under 10 genera and 9 families found in the present habitat, Sonneratiacaseolaris is the only mangrove tree species with 155 individuals along with other mangroveassociates like Cryptocoryne ciliata, Crinum viviparum, Acanthus ilicifolius and Derris scandens. Thehigh importance value index of Sonneratia caseolaris, Cryptocoryne ciliata, and Crinum viviparumindicated their significant role in community formation. The strong positive association of these 3species also suggests helping in developing community in stressed environment.Conclusion: Identification of such potential mangrove habitat and study of their communitydynamics would be helpful to find out the nature of mangrove establishment for futureafforestation programme of threatened mangrove species.
Targeted Delivery of Doxorubicin-Loaded Poly (ε-caprolactone)-b-Poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) Micelles Enhances Antitumor Effect in Lymphoma
Sumit Kumar Hira, Avnish Kumar Mishra, Biswajit Ray, Partha Pratim Manna
PLOS ONE , 2014, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094309
Abstract: Background The present study was motivated by the need to design a safe nano-carrier for the delivery of doxorubicin which could be tolerant to normal cells. PCL63-b-PNVP90 was loaded with doxorubicin (6 mg/ml), and with 49.8% drug loading efficiency; it offers a unique platform providing selective immune responses against lymphoma. Methods In this study, we have used micelles of amphiphilic PCL63-b-PNVP90 block copolymer as nano-carrier for controlled release of doxorubicin (DOX). DOX is physically entrapped and stabilized in the hydrophobic cores of the micelles and biological roles of these micelles were evaluated in lymphoma. Results DOX loaded PCL63-b-PNVP90 block copolymer micelles (DOX-PCL63-b-PNVP90) shows enhanced growth inhibition and cytotoxicity against human (K-562, JE6.1 and Raji) and mice lymphoma cells (Dalton's lymphoma, DL). DOX-PCL63-b-PNVP90 demonstrates higher levels of tumoricidal effect against DOX-resistant tumor cells compared to free DOX. DOX-PCL63-b-PNVP90 demonstrated effective drug loading and a pH-responsive drug release character besides exhibiting sustained drug release performance in in-vitro and intracellular drug release experiments. Conclusion Unlike free DOX, DOX-PCL63-b-PNVP90 does not show cytotoxicity against normal cells. DOX-PCL63-b-PNVP90 prolonged the survival of tumor (DL) bearing mice by enhancing the apoptosis of the tumor cells in targeted organs like liver and spleen.
Importance of integrin receptors in the field of pharmaceutical & medical science  [PDF]
Sumit Goswami
Advances in Biological Chemistry (ABC) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/abc.2013.32028
Abstract: Integrin receptors have remained as a key subject of interest in the pharmaceutical industry for the last few years. There are a total of 24 different types of integrin heterodimers. Each of these heterodimers plays important role in various biological processes that are inherent to different pathological conditions. As a result, integrin receptors have been extensively evaluated for their role in therapeutic targeting. There are different classes of inhibitors against integrin receptors and this review provides an overview on different classes of integrin inhibitors that are currently available. A number of review articles have been written on the possible application of integrin receptors in therapeutic targeting. Many of these articles have heavily emphasized on the importance of αvβ3 & αvβ5 receptors as major pharmaceutical target in cancer but little emphasis has been given on the importance of other integrin receptors, such as α5β1, αIIbβ3, α4β7, αvβ6 etc. While this review gives due importance to both αvβ3 & αvβ5 receptors and provides an historical perspective on how these two receptors have evolved as a potential target for cancer, significant emphasis has also been given on the other integrin receptors that have started enjoying the status of important drug target over the course of last few years. Effort has been maintained to discuss briefly on the key physiological basis of their importance as drug target. For example, involvement of αvβ3 in angiogenesis has made it a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. At the same time expression of this receptor on the surface of osteoclast has made it a target for the treatment of osteoporosis. Thus, emphasis has been given on discussing the role of the integrin receptors in different disease conditions followed by specific examples of drug molecules that have been trialed against these receptors. While hundreds of candidate molecules have been developed against different integrin receptors only a handful of them has been subject to phase-III clinical trial. That necessitates careful consideration of certain concerns that are associated with direct targeting of integrins and thus has also been an important goal of this review. In the last few years application of integrin receptors have extended beyond mere therapeutic targeting. Several integrin receptors are currently are studied for their potential of aiding at diagnostic imaging and drug delivery. In this review a brief overview has also been provided on how integrin are being
Comparative Studies on Synthesis and Characterization of Titania and Iron Oxide Doped Magnesia from Indian Salem Magnesite  [PDF]
Sukriti Manna, Tamoghna Chakrabarti
Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering (MSCE) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/msce.2016.47010
Abstract: Sintering, densification, and characterization of Salem Magnesite with Titania (TiO2) and Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) addition have been carried out in this work. Salem Magnesite samples with 2 wt.% TiO2 and Fe2O3 addition have been sintered in the temperature range of 1550?C - 1650?C. The sintered sample has been characterized in terms of physico-chemical properties like bulk density, apparent porosity, specific gravity and structural properties by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Salem magnesite samples with 2 wt.% TiO2 and Fe2O3 addition have been densified to the specific gravity of 3.75 and 3.41 g/cc respectively after sintering at 1650?C and 2 h. The presence of Calcium Titanate (CaTiO3) phase at the grain boundary has been observed in the case of TiO2 addition. For Iron Oxide addition, precipitation of “Y” shaped magnesium ferrite spinel has been observed inside the grains. Finally, TiO2 addition in Salem Magnesite shows better densification compared to both as received Salem Magnesite and Salem Magnesite with Fe2O3 addition.
Adaptive Processing Gain Data Services in Cellular CDMA in Presence of Soft Handoff with Truncated ARQ  [PDF]
Dipta DAS, Sumit KUNDU
Int'l J. of Communications, Network and System Sciences (IJCNS) , 2009, DOI: 10.4236/ijcns.2009.22017
Abstract: An adaptive data transmission scheme based on variable spreading gain (VSG) is studied in cellular CDMA network in presence of soft handoff (HO). The processing gain is varied according to traffic intensity meet-ing a requirement on data bit error rate (BER). The overall performance improvement due to processing gain adaptation and soft HO is evaluated and compared with a fixed rate system. The influence of soft HO pa-rameters on rate adaptation and throughput and delay performance of data is indicated. Further truncated automatic repeat request (T-ARQ) is used in link layer to improve the performance of delay sensitive ser-vices. The joint impact of VSG based transmission in presence of soft handoff at physical layer and T-ARQ at link layer is evaluated. A variable packet size scheme is also studied to meet a constraint on packet loss.
Closer Approximation to Optimize Solar Panels Performance with Cleaning Cycle: A Follow-Up  [PDF]
Rijan Karkee, Sumit Khadka
Open Journal of Energy Efficiency (OJEE) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/ojee.2019.84010
Abstract: The performance of solar panels significantly degrades due to dust accumulation but cleaning too frequently will severely impact the financial benefits of the installation of solar panels. This paper assumes a realistic linear model for accumulation of dust on the solar panels and the resulting hourly average of absolute loss of efficiency in solar panels. This model accurately depicts the fact that energy production by solar panels occurs during sunshine hours only and also accounts for the degradation in the efficiency of solar panels due to dust accumulation throughout the entire day. Based on this, the optimal number of days for maximum financial profit and the critical number of days (above which there is no profit in installing solar panels) have been estimated. Furthermore, we have suggested a formalism to help estimate the finances for self-cleaning technology for PV system and also for calculating the minimum payback period for installing solar panels with the financial cost of the cleaning cycles properly considered. This research could be motivation for companies in developing self-cleaning mechanism for PV system.
Cerebellum and sexual behavior
Manna Mukul
Annals of General Psychiatry , 2006, DOI: 10.1186/1744-859x-5-s1-s175
Abstract:
Maximal averages associated to families of finite type surfaces
Ramesh Manna
Mathematics , 2015,
Abstract: We study the boundedness problem for maximal operators $\mathcal{M}$ associated to averages along families of hypersurfaces $S$ of finite type in $\mathbb{R}^n.$ In this paper, we prove that if $S$ is a finite type hypersurface which is of finite type $k$ at $x_0 \in \mathbb{R}^n$, then the associated maximal operator is bounded on $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$ for $p>k.$ We shall also consider a variable coefficient version of maximal theorem and we obtain the same $L^p-$ boundedness result for $p>k.$ We also discussed the consequence of this result. In particular, we verify a conjecture by E. M. Stein and its generalization by A. Iosevich and E. Sawyer on the connection between the decay rate of the Fourier transform of the surface measure on $S$ and the $L^p-$ boundedness of the associated maximal operator $\mathcal{M}.$
Optimal two-level choice designs for the main effects and specified interaction effects model
Soumen Manna
Statistics , 2015,
Abstract: Choice designs for the main effects model, broader main effects model and main effects plus specified interaction effects model are discussed in this paper. Universally optimal choice designs are obtained for all of these models using Hadamard matrix and other combinatorial techniques. Choice experiments under the multinomial logit model for equally attractive options are assumed for finding universally optimal choice designs.
Sequence trademarks in oncogene associated microRNAs
Sumit Sharma,Sumit Biswas
Bioinformation , 2011,
Abstract: The last decade was taken by storm when the existence of a class of small (~22nt long) non – coding RNA species, known as microRNAs (miRNAs) came into light. MicroRNAs are one of the most abundant groups of regulatory genes in multicellular organisms and play fundamental roles in many cellular processes. Among these, miRNAs have been shown to prevent cell division and drive terminal differentiation, thus playing a causal role in the generation or maintenance of cancerous tumours. The unique expression profiles of different miRNAs in various types and stages of cancer suggest their performance as novel biomarkers. This discussion focuses on miRNAs implicated in cancer-associated events and strives to re-establish their sequential features which may classify them to be oncogenic.
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